net/http: Client

Teskari tomon — boshqa serverga so’rov yuborish. Tashqi API’lardan ma’lumot olish, webhook, microservice’lar orasidagi aloqa HTTP client bilan bo’ladi.

http.Get

http.Get GET so’rov yuboradi va *http.Response qaytaradi. Ikki qoida: err ni tekshiring, resp.Body.Close() ni defer qiling — aks holda ulanish oqib ketadi.

get.go


package main
 
import (
    "fmt"
    "io"
    "net/http"
)
 
func main() {
    resp, err := http.Get("https://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Xato:", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
 
    body, _ := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    fmt.Println("Status:", resp.StatusCode)
    fmt.Println("Tana:", len(body), "bayt")
}


$ go run get.go
Status: 200
Tana: 559 bayt

Takeaway: resp.Body — oqim (io.ReadCloser); doim defer resp.Body.Close().

Manba / batafsil: pkg.go.dev/net/http#Get

JSON javobni o’qish

Javob tanasini json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(...) bilan to’g’ridan-to’g’ri struct’ga o’qiymiz — butun tanani xotiraga yuklamasdan.

getjson.go


package main
 
import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)
 
type Todo struct {
    ID    int    `json:"id"`
    Title string `json:"title"`
}
 
func main() {
    resp, err := http.Get("https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Xato:", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
 
    var todo Todo
    json.NewDecoder(resp.Body).Decode(&todo)
    fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", todo.ID, todo.Title)
}


$ go run getjson.go
1: delectus aut autem

Takeaway: oqimdan to’g’ridan-to’g’ri Decode — io.ReadAll + Unmarshal dan tejamkorroq.

Manba / batafsil: pkg.go.dev/encoding/json#Decoder

http.Client va timeout

http.Get/Post ichidagi standart client’ning timeout’i yo’q — sekin server dasturni cheksiz kutib qoldiradi. Har doim o’z client’ingizni timeout bilan yarating.

client.go


package main
 
import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "time"
)
 
func main() {
    client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
    resp, err := client.Get("https://example.com")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Xato:", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    fmt.Println("Status:", resp.Status)
}


$ go run client.go
Status: 200 OK

Takeaway: ishlab chiqarishda hech qachon timeout’siz standart client’ga tayanmang.

Manba / batafsil: pkg.go.dev/net/http#Client

So’rovni qo’lda qurish va sarlavhalar

Sarlavha (masalan token) qo’shish yoki boshqa metod uchun http.NewRequest bilan so’rov quramiz va client.Do bilan yuboramiz. Get/Post aslida shuning ustidagi qulay qobiqlar.

request.go


package main
 
import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
    "time"
)
 
func main() {
    client := &http.Client{Timeout: 10 * time.Second}
    req, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1", nil)
    req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer maxfiy-token")
    req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
 
    resp, err := client.Do(req)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println("Xato:", err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()
    fmt.Println("Status:", resp.Status)
    fmt.Println("Content-Type:", resp.Header.Get("Content-Type"))
}


$ go run request.go
Status: 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json; charset=utf-8

Takeaway: NewRequest + client.Do — sarlavha, metod va tanani to’liq boshqarish.

Manba / batafsil: pkg.go.dev/net/http#NewRequest

Keyingi qismda io va bufio — oqimlar bilan ishlashni ko’ramiz.